Which particles are contained in an alpha particle?

An alpha particle is defined as a specific type of nuclear particle that is composed of two protons and two neutrons. This composition is equivalent to the nucleus of a helium atom, which is why alpha particles are often associated with helium. When alpha particles are emitted during radioactive decay, they carry a positive charge due to the presence of the two protons. This configuration gives alpha particles distinct properties, including their relatively large mass compared to other types of radiation (like beta particles or gamma rays) and their limited penetration ability. Consequently, understanding the structure of an alpha particle is crucial for grasping its interactions with matter and its behavior in various radiological contexts.