What does linear energy transfer (LET) refer to?

Linear energy transfer (LET) is a measure of the energy released by ionizing radiation as it travels through a medium. Specifically, it quantifies the amount of energy that radiation transfers to the medium per unit distance traveled, often expressed in units such as keV/μm. This concept is crucial in radiation safety and biology because it helps to predict the biological effects of different types of radiation.

Higher LET values indicate that the radiation transfers more energy, resulting in a greater potential for biological damage. For instance, alpha particles have a high LET compared to beta particles or gamma rays, meaning they can cause more ionization and damage in tissue over shorter distances. This is important for understanding the risks associated with different types of radiation exposure in research and clinical settings.